A diversion program in the criminal justice system is a form of sentence[1] in which the criminal offender joins a rehabilitation program, which will help remedy the behavior leading to the original arrest, allow the offender to avoid conviction and, in some jurisdictions, hide a criminal record. The programs are often run by a police department, court, a district attorney's office, or outside agency.[2]Problem-solving courts typically include a diversion component as part of their program. The purposes of diversion are generally thought to include relief to the courts, police department and probation office, better outcomes compared to direct involvement of the court system, and an opportunity for the offender to avoid prosecution by completing various requirements for the program.[3] These requirements may include:
- Education aimed at preventing future offenses by the offender
- Restitution to victims of the offense
- Completion of community service hours
- Avoiding situations for a specified period in the future that may lead to committing another such offense (such as contact with certain people)[3]
Adult diversion program payments. Now accepting payments online. Important: the only payments accepted with the form below are the $150 adult diversion program fee. Any other amounts will not be properly allocated you must receive authorization from the diversion program to make payments online prior to submitting your payment. Aug 17, 2017 Ingham County has 'one of the most robust' diversion programs in the state, Siemon said. But the number of accepted cases dropped from just over.
Services in the community, in the jails, and in the court system; (2) institute diversion programs; (3) improve the management of individuals in jail; and (4) share information appropriately across the criminal justice system. Through the direction of the former Michigan. Diversion Programs. What is a diversion program? Typically it involves a program where the student must participate in probation for a period of time to be determined by the judge and the probation department. It can be as light as attending a class and showing proof of such, rigorous alcohol testing and individual counseling. May 09, 2013 Diversion programs are typically designed to provide youth with experiences that are different from traditional juvenile justice experiences. Diversion decisions and activities usually occur at the earliest stages of involvement in the juvenile justice system; however, diversion initiatives can be put in place at later stages of justice processing with the primary goal of reducing costly out. Jan 30, 2017 A contract between the prosecutor and the accused. A common pretrial diversion program is a drug or alcohol rehabilitation course for those accused of drug possession. Community service is a common requirement of most programs. Some of the programs run as long as a year and a half but many are quite shorter in length, lasting a year or less. The Adult Diversion program is available to a wide variety of offenders. At the discretion of the Diversion Programs Specialist, participants may be required to complete general or offense specific programming, including (but not limited to) the following: 3rd Millennium on-line educational courses.
Diversion programs often frame these requirements as an alternative to court or police involvement or, if these institutions are already involved, further prosecution. Successful completion of program requirements often will lead to a dismissal or reduction of the charges while failure may bring back or heighten the penalties involved. Charges dismissed because of a diversion program will still lead to additional criminal history points under the US Sentencing Guidelines if there was a finding of guilt by a court or the defendant pleaded guilty or otherwise admitted guilt in open court, provided that the deferred disposition or deferred adjudication was not a juvenile matter.[4]
Diversion and juvenile justice[edit]
Diversion has played a key role in improving outcomes and rehabilitating youthful offenders.[citation needed] The concept of juvenile diversion is based on the theory that processing certain youth through the juvenile justice system may do more harm than good.[5] Programs meant to divert juvenile delinquents are often fundamentally different from the programs meant for adults.[citation needed] Many times youth will present with substance abuse and mental health issues which may be the underlying cause of such delinquency.
A Juvenile Diversion program has the ability to be used as an intervention strategy for first time offenders who have broken the law and found themselves in the juvenile justice system ('Juvenile Diversion Programs').[6] There are many benefits to this program that include, avoiding the child from being influenced by more serious criminals in a juvenile detention center, allowing the courts to use resources that are needed for those juvenile delinquents who are an actual threat to the society, and getting the child help with drug addiction or family issues (Cocozza).[7]
In the United Kingdom[edit]
Diversion can ensure that people with mental health problems who enter (or are at risk of entering) the criminal justice system are identified and provided with appropriate mental health services, treatment and any other support they need. In the UK, Centre for Mental Health has shown that such diversion represents good value for money, with well-designed intervention helping to reduce reoffending by a third.[8] The need for joined-up services was the focus of a Centre for Mental Health lecture in 2011, in which NHS Confederation chairman Sir Keith Pearson emphasised the need to use custody more effectively and divert those who need it into treatment.[9]
In February 2012, the UK government pledged to roll out a national liaison and diversion service by 2014, with 101 sites were duly announced by the Department of Health.[10] Diversion has also been found to be a key element of a more effective approach for young adults in the criminal justice process.[11] A two-year UK pilot organised by the Centre for Mental health, with support and funding from the Department of Health the Youth Justice Board, looked into how to ensure that children and young people with mental health and other problems get the help they need as soon as they enter the youth justice system.[12]
In the United States[edit]
The availability of diversion programs depends upon the jurisdiction, the nature of the crime (usually non-violent offences) and in many cases the exercise of prosecutorial discretion.[13] A 2016 The New York Times investigation revealed that some prosecutors charged substantial fees for, and received significant revenue from, diversion programs.[14] Those fees can operate as a barrier to impecunious defendants accessing diversion. Pleading guilty is often a prerequisite to access to a diversion program. This means that if a defendant proceeds to a diversion program, then fails to pay the fee for the program, the defendant can be brought back to court and proceed directly to conviction and sentencing.[14]
Some jurisdictions in the United States may provide diversion programs for drunk driving charges.[15] One such program is the Victim Impact Panel (VIP) administered by Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) since 1982. MADD typically charges a $25 'donation' (which is defined as voluntary), even for court-mandated attendance; MADD reported $2,657,293 one year for such donations on its nonprofittax exempt returns.[16]
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In Florida, several counties offer a diversion program for veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces. Those who qualify and complete the program will have the criminal charge dismissed and can get the case expunged from their record.[17]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Criminal Justice Diversion Program, Australia, Magistrates Court of Victoria; see also the 'Community Correction Order.' Accessed 2012-3-3.
- ^'Diversion Program'. Pueblo, Colorado. Pueblo County, Colorado. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
- ^ abDiversion, The John Howard Society of Niagara, Canada. Accessed 2012-3-3.
- ^US Sentencing Guidelines, 4A1.2(f), 2011 revision; and see note 9: 'Diversionary Dispositions.—Section 4A1.2(f) requires counting prior adult diversionary dispositions if they involved a judicial determination of guilt or an admission of guilt in open court. This reflects a policy that defendants who receive the benefit of a rehabilitative sentence and continue to commit crimes should not be treated with further leniency.'
- ^Diversion Programs: An Overview, Juvenile Justice Bulletin September 1999, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Programs. Accessed 2012-3-3.
- ^'Juvenile Diversion Programs'. www.crimesolutions.gov. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
- ^Cocozza, Joseph J. 'Diversion From the Juvenile Justice System: The Miami-Dade Juvenile Assessment Center Post-Arrest Diversion Program'. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection.
- ^'Diversion: the business case for action'(PDF). Centre for Mental Health, Rethink and the Royal College of Psychiatrists. Archived from the original(PDF) on November 3, 2013.
- ^Keith Pearson JP (February 15, 2011). 'Mental Health, Criminal Justice and the Big Society: Everybody's Responsibility'. Archived from the original on April 2, 2013.
- ^Burstow, Paul (January 12, 2012). 'Health and Criminal Justice Liaison and Diversion Programme: Hansard Written Answers'. TheyWorkForYou.
- ^'Diversion is a key element of a more effective approach for young adults in the criminal justice process'. May 23, 2012. Archived from the original on December 31, 2012.
- ^'Young people in the criminal justice system'. Archived from the original on September 11, 2010.
- ^'What is Pre-Prosecution Diversion'. ExpertLaw. ExpertLaw.com. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
- ^ abDewan, Shaila; Lehren, Andrew W. (12 December 2016). 'After a Crime, the Price of a Second Chance'. The New York Times. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
- ^'Misdmeanor/DUI Pretrial diversion Information'(PDF). Orange County Corrections Department. May 2015. Retrieved 2017-05-23.
- ^Overbey, Chris. Drinking And Driving War in America. Lulu. pp. 45–46. ISBN978-1-4116-7022-8.
- ^'Diversion Programs'. Office of the State Attorney. Retrieved 2017-05-23.
Juvenile Justice Programs provides support for juvenile offenders and promotes safe communities by focusing on the following goals.
- Safe Communities through Early Intervention, Diversion and Prevention at the Community Level.
- Effective Community Programming.
- Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI), Data Collection and Analysis.
- Complete and Consistent Continuum of Available Services and Treatment.
- Evidence-Based Principles/Outcome Driven Funding Through the Child Care Fund.
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Our plans to build a safer Michigan.
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State partnership and resources for the juvenile justice community.
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List of grants and how to apply.